锁骨 （英文：Clavicle；拉丁文：Clavicula）是爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳类动物肩胛带三骨之一。硬骨鱼身上已经有其痕迹，但两栖动物却没有锁骨。除了锁骨，还有喙状骨和肩胛骨，共同组成肩胛带。

人的锁骨长度与从手腕到中指尖距离相近，但一些哺乳类动物的锁骨却显得不完整。人类，灵长类动物，攀缘动物，啮齿类动物和兔形目的锁骨都属于发育完整一类，在它们身体，锁骨以关节的形式连接胸骨和肩胛骨，成为躯干和上肢的连接。

猫的锁骨退化为一块陷于锁头肌（Musculus cleidocephalicus）之中，没有与肩胛骨形成关节连接。而其他的一些哺乳类动物（如马，偶蹄目动物，狗）则退化为一块陷于此肌肉的一块肌腱。

In human anatomy, the clavicle or collarbone is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum or breastbone. There are two clavicles, one on the left and one on the right. The clavicle is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally. Together with the shoulder blade it makes up the shoulder girdle. It is a palpable bone and in people who have less fat in this region, the location of the bone is clearly visible, as it creates a bulge in the skin. It receives its name from the Latin:clavicula ("little key") because the bone rotates along its axis like a key when the shoulder is abducted.